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Psychosomatic medicine is a field of medicine that deals with the diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and rehabilitation of mental illnesses that affect the body. Psychosomatic disease refers to physical symptoms that are worsened or complicated by mental factors. In psychogenic disorders, emotional stress or other psychological problems play a role in the course of physical signs and symptoms.
For example, headaches or increased blood pressure can be a cause of psychosomatic illness, especially when the body’s immune system has been weakened due to severe or chronic stress. These activities can be performed in hospitals, clinics, or communities, and patients can participate voluntarily. Drug treatment is combined with psychotherapy that can bring about optimal therapeutic effects.
The principle of conditioned reflexes is the basis of mind-body medicine. As we know, all human activities operate psychologically. Consequently, psychology serves the following three purposes. The control function acts in line with the planned general purpose, the coordinating function adjusts the activity to fit the established aim and real situation, and the orienting function assists in determining the motive and purpose of the action or activity. This aids in people’s perception, transformation, and adaptation to objective circumstances. In addition, this process enables people to identify and change who they are. Consequently, abnormalities in these psychological processes impact the human body and can lead to illness.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 970 million people worldwide, or one in eight individuals, suffered from depression and anxiety disorders in 2019. Common psychological illnesses include autism, bipolar disorder, attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder, and personality disorders. Another illness that is frequently encountered is insomnia. About 15% of people have insomnia, the majority of which is temporary. Physical symptoms are commonly said to affect 5-7% of the population, with women experiencing physical discomfort around 10 times more frequently than males for unclear reasons.
There is not just one cause of mental and physical symptoms. This phenomenon may be due to genetic causes and influences from the living environment. Psychosomatic symptoms can include fatigue.
Insomnia, high blood pressure, difficulty breathing, indigestion, head discomforts such as headaches and migraines, erectile dysfunction, skin rash (dermatitis), and peptic ulcer disease can occur.
